Abstract
Japan’s social security system, once a cornerstone of intergenerational solidarity, now faces growing disparities between generations. Older citizens enjoy extensive public pensions, healthcare, and long-term care services, while younger generations are burdened with rising financial responsibilities and insufficient childcare and public support. This imbalance not only deepens societal divisions but also undermines public trust in the system’s fairness and sustainability. The political consequences are equally significant. With older voters now comprising over 40% of the electorate, the political landscape has increasingly shifted toward senior-friendly policies. This demographic reality has stalled necessary reforms, such as raising elderly co-payments for medical expenses. While such policies may secure electoral support, they exacerbate generational inequalities, leaving younger populations increasingly disenfranchised. Urgent reforms are required to rebuild trust and foster equity. Transitioning from an age-based to an income-based contributions system, akin to Germany’s healthcare model, could mitigate disparities in financial burdens. Additionally, reallocating resources to prioritize childcare and education, as demonstrated in Nordic countries, would not only support younger generations but also promote long-term societal resilience. True intergenerational solidarity depends on balancing the needs of aging populations with those of younger generations, creating a foundation for a sustainable and cohesive society. Achieving this balance will require inclusive policymaking and active dialogue to avoid divisive rhetoric that threatens social cohesion. Strong, visionary leadership is essential in steering Japan toward equitable reforms, ensuring a future that upholds the principles of solidarity and fairness for all generations.
Details
Presentation Type
Theme
2025 Special Focus—Aging, Intergenerational Solidarity and the Polycrisis
KEYWORDS
SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM, INTERGENERATIOAL SOLIDARITY, CHALLENGE, REFORM, LEADERSHIP
